PFAS ‘Forever Chemicals’ in Australian Drinking Water: What You Need to Know

PFAS are a large family of synthetic “forever chemicals” that break down extremely slowly and can build up in water, the environment and the body over time. In June 2025 the NHMRC tightened the PFAS limits in Australia’s Drinking Water Guidelines. Activated-carbon filtration — like the carbon block in a tap filter — is one of the most accessible ways to help reduce common PFAS at the point you actually drink.

What are PFAS?

PFAS (per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances) are man-made chemicals used for decades in non-stick, waterproof and stain-resistant products. They’re nicknamed “forever chemicals” because they barely degrade, so they linger in the environment and can accumulate over years.

Are PFAS in Australian tap water?

Australian mains water is treated and tested against national guidelines, and PFAS levels are regulated. But because these chemicals are so persistent and widespread, regulators are lowering the allowable limits — and many people choose to reduce their exposure further where they easily can.

What changed in 2025?

In June 2025 the NHMRC lowered the allowable PFAS levels for several common compounds (including PFOA and PFOS) in the Australian Drinking Water Guidelines — a clear signal that long-term PFAS exposure is being taken seriously.

How do you reduce PFAS in drinking water?

Activated carbon is one of the most practical ways to help reduce common long-chain PFAS such as PFOA and PFOS at the tap. Reduction varies with water quality and PFAS type, so a point-of-use carbon filter isn’t a guarantee of complete removal — but it’s a sensible extra layer where it matters most: the water you drink. Read the full water guide →

Frequently asked questions

Does boiling remove PFAS?
No — boiling does not remove PFAS and can slightly concentrate them as water evaporates. Activated carbon is a better option for reducing them.

Does a carbon filter remove all PFAS?
Carbon helps reduce common long-chain PFAS, but reduction depends on water conditions and PFAS type, so it shouldn’t be considered complete removal.